matplotlib.axes#

The Axes class represents one (sub-)plot in a figure. It contains the plotted data, axis ticks, labels, title, legend, etc. Its methods are the main interface for manipulating the plot.

The Axes class#

Axes

An Axes object encapsulates all the elements of an individual (sub-)plot in a figure.

Plotting#

Basic#

Axes.plot

Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers.

Axes.errorbar

Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers with attached errorbars.

Axes.scatter

A scatter plot of y vs.

Axes.plot_date

[Discouraged] Plot coercing the axis to treat floats as dates.

Axes.step

Make a step plot.

Axes.loglog

Make a plot with log scaling on both the x- and y-axis.

Axes.semilogx

Make a plot with log scaling on the x-axis.

Axes.semilogy

Make a plot with log scaling on the y-axis.

Axes.fill_between

Fill the area between two horizontal curves.

Axes.fill_betweenx

Fill the area between two vertical curves.

Axes.bar

Make a bar plot.

Axes.barh

Make a horizontal bar plot.

Axes.bar_label

Label a bar plot.

Axes.stem

Create a stem plot.

Axes.eventplot

Plot identical parallel lines at the given positions.

Axes.pie

Plot a pie chart.

Axes.stackplot

Draw a stacked area plot.

Axes.broken_barh

Plot a horizontal sequence of rectangles.

Axes.vlines

Plot vertical lines at each x from ymin to ymax.

Axes.hlines

Plot horizontal lines at each y from xmin to xmax.

Axes.fill

Plot filled polygons.

Spans#

Axes.axhline

Add a horizontal line across the Axes.

Axes.axhspan

Add a horizontal span (rectangle) across the Axes.

Axes.axvline

Add a vertical line across the Axes.

Axes.axvspan

Add a vertical span (rectangle) across the Axes.

Axes.axline

Add an infinitely long straight line.

Spectral#

Axes.acorr

Plot the autocorrelation of x.

Axes.angle_spectrum

Plot the angle spectrum.

Axes.cohere

Plot the coherence between x and y.

Axes.csd

Plot the cross-spectral density.

Axes.magnitude_spectrum

Plot the magnitude spectrum.

Axes.phase_spectrum

Plot the phase spectrum.

Axes.psd

Plot the power spectral density.

Axes.specgram

Plot a spectrogram.

Axes.xcorr

Plot the cross correlation between x and y.

Statistics#

Axes.ecdf

Compute and plot the empirical cumulative distribution function of x.

Axes.boxplot

Draw a box and whisker plot.

Axes.violinplot

Make a violin plot.

Axes.bxp

Drawing function for box and whisker plots.

Axes.violin

Drawing function for violin plots.

Binned#

Axes.hexbin

Make a 2D hexagonal binning plot of points x, y.

Axes.hist

Compute and plot a histogram.

Axes.hist2d

Make a 2D histogram plot.

Axes.stairs

A stepwise constant function as a line with bounding edges or a filled plot.

Contours#

Axes.clabel

Label a contour plot.

Axes.contour

Plot contour lines.

Axes.contourf

Plot filled contours.

2D arrays#

Axes.imshow

Display data as an image, i.e., on a 2D regular raster.

Axes.matshow

Plot the values of a 2D matrix or array as color-coded image.

Axes.pcolor

Create a pseudocolor plot with a non-regular rectangular grid.

Axes.pcolorfast

Create a pseudocolor plot with a non-regular rectangular grid.

Axes.pcolormesh

Create a pseudocolor plot with a non-regular rectangular grid.

Axes.spy

Plot the sparsity pattern of a 2D array.

Unstructured triangles#

Axes.tripcolor

Create a pseudocolor plot of an unstructured triangular grid.

Axes.triplot

Draw an unstructured triangular grid as lines and/or markers.

Axes.tricontour

Draw contour lines on an unstructured triangular grid.

Axes.tricontourf

Draw contour regions on an unstructured triangular grid.

Text and annotations#

Axes.annotate

Annotate the point xy with text text.

Axes.text

Add text to the Axes.

Axes.table

Add a table to an Axes.

Axes.arrow

Add an arrow to the Axes.

Axes.inset_axes

Add a child inset Axes to this existing Axes.

Axes.indicate_inset

Add an inset indicator to the Axes.

Axes.indicate_inset_zoom

Add an inset indicator rectangle to the Axes based on the axis limits for an inset_ax and draw connectors between inset_ax and the rectangle.

Axes.secondary_xaxis

Add a second x-axis to this Axes.

Axes.secondary_yaxis

Add a second y-axis to this Axes.

Vector fields#

Axes.barbs

Plot a 2D field of barbs.

Axes.quiver

Plot a 2D field of arrows.

Axes.quiverkey

Add a key to a quiver plot.

Axes.streamplot

Draw streamlines of a vector flow.

Clearing#

Axes.cla

Clear the Axes.

Axes.clear

Clear the Axes.

Appearance#

Axes.axis

Convenience method to get or set some axis properties.

Axes.set_axis_off

Hide all visual components of the x- and y-axis.

Axes.set_axis_on

Do not hide all visual components of the x- and y-axis.

Axes.set_frame_on

Set whether the Axes rectangle patch is drawn.

Axes.get_frame_on

Get whether the Axes rectangle patch is drawn.

Axes.set_axisbelow

Set whether axis ticks and gridlines are above or below most artists.

Axes.get_axisbelow

Get whether axis ticks and gridlines are above or below most artists.

Axes.grid

Configure the grid lines.

Axes.get_facecolor

Get the facecolor of the Axes.

Axes.set_facecolor

Set the facecolor of the Axes.

Property cycle#

Axes.set_prop_cycle

Set the property cycle of the Axes.

Axis / limits#

Axes.get_xaxis

[Discouraged] Return the XAxis instance.

Axes.get_yaxis

[Discouraged] Return the YAxis instance.

Axis limits and direction#

Axes.invert_xaxis

Invert the x-axis.

Axes.xaxis_inverted

Return whether the xaxis is oriented in the "inverse" direction.

Axes.invert_yaxis

Invert the y-axis.

Axes.yaxis_inverted

Return whether the yaxis is oriented in the "inverse" direction.

Axes.set_xlim

Set the x-axis view limits.

Axes.get_xlim

Return the x-axis view limits.

Axes.set_ylim

Set the y-axis view limits.

Axes.get_ylim

Return the y-axis view limits.

Axes.update_datalim

Extend the dataLim Bbox to include the given points.

Axes.set_xbound

Set the lower and upper numerical bounds of the x-axis.

Axes.get_xbound

Return the lower and upper x-axis bounds, in increasing order.

Axes.set_ybound

Set the lower and upper numerical bounds of the y-axis.

Axes.get_ybound

Return the lower and upper y-axis bounds, in increasing order.

Axis labels, title, and legend#

Axes.set_xlabel

Set the label for the x-axis.

Axes.get_xlabel

Get the xlabel text string.

Axes.set_ylabel

Set the label for the y-axis.

Axes.get_ylabel

Get the ylabel text string.

Axes.label_outer

Only show "outer" labels and tick labels.

Axes.set_title

Set a title for the Axes.

Axes.get_title

Get an Axes title.

Axes.legend

Place a legend on the Axes.

Axes.get_legend

Return the Legend instance, or None if no legend is defined.

Axes.get_legend_handles_labels

Return handles and labels for legend

Axis scales#

Axes.set_xscale

Set the xaxis' scale.

Axes.get_xscale

Return the xaxis' scale (as a str).

Axes.set_yscale

Set the yaxis' scale.

Axes.get_yscale

Return the yaxis' scale (as a str).

Autoscaling and margins#

Axes.use_sticky_edges

When autoscaling, whether to obey all Artist.sticky_edges.

Axes.margins

Set or retrieve autoscaling margins.

Axes.set_xmargin

Set padding of X data limits prior to autoscaling.

Axes.set_ymargin

Set padding of Y data limits prior to autoscaling.

Axes.relim

Recompute the data limits based on current artists.

Axes.autoscale

Autoscale the axis view to the data (toggle).

Axes.autoscale_view

Autoscale the view limits using the data limits.

Axes.set_autoscale_on

Set whether autoscaling is applied to each axis on the next draw or call to Axes.autoscale_view.

Axes.get_autoscale_on

Return True if each axis is autoscaled, False otherwise.

Axes.set_autoscalex_on

Set whether the xaxis is autoscaled when drawing or by Axes.autoscale_view.

Axes.get_autoscalex_on

Return whether the xaxis is autoscaled.

Axes.set_autoscaley_on

Set whether the yaxis is autoscaled when drawing or by Axes.autoscale_view.

Axes.get_autoscaley_on

Return whether the yaxis is autoscaled.

Aspect ratio#

Axes.apply_aspect

Adjust the Axes for a specified data aspect ratio.

Axes.set_aspect

Set the aspect ratio of the axes scaling, i.e. y/x-scale.

Axes.get_aspect

Return the aspect ratio of the axes scaling.

Axes.set_box_aspect

Set the Axes box aspect, i.e. the ratio of height to width.

Axes.get_box_aspect

Return the Axes box aspect, i.e. the ratio of height to width.

Axes.set_adjustable

Set how the Axes adjusts to achieve the required aspect ratio.

Axes.get_adjustable

Return whether the Axes will adjust its physical dimension ('box') or its data limits ('datalim') to achieve the desired aspect ratio.

Ticks and tick labels#

Axes.set_xticks

Set the xaxis' tick locations and optionally tick labels.

Axes.get_xticks

Return the xaxis' tick locations in data coordinates.

Axes.set_xticklabels

[Discouraged] Set the xaxis' tick labels with list of string labels.

Axes.get_xticklabels

Get the xaxis' tick labels.

Axes.get_xmajorticklabels

Return the xaxis' major tick labels, as a list of Text.

Axes.get_xminorticklabels

Return the xaxis' minor tick labels, as a list of Text.

Axes.get_xgridlines

Return the xaxis' grid lines as a list of Line2Ds.

Axes.get_xticklines

Return the xaxis' tick lines as a list of Line2Ds.

Axes.xaxis_date

Set up axis ticks and labels to treat data along the xaxis as dates.

Axes.set_yticks

Set the yaxis' tick locations and optionally tick labels.

Axes.get_yticks

Return the yaxis' tick locations in data coordinates.

Axes.set_yticklabels

[Discouraged] Set the yaxis' tick labels with list of string labels.

Axes.get_yticklabels

Get the yaxis' tick labels.

Axes.get_ymajorticklabels

Return the yaxis' major tick labels, as a list of Text.

Axes.get_yminorticklabels

Return the yaxis' minor tick labels, as a list of Text.

Axes.get_ygridlines

Return the yaxis' grid lines as a list of Line2Ds.

Axes.get_yticklines

Return the yaxis' tick lines as a list of Line2Ds.

Axes.yaxis_date

Set up axis ticks and labels to treat data along the yaxis as dates.

Axes.minorticks_off

Remove minor ticks from the Axes.

Axes.minorticks_on

Display minor ticks on the Axes.

Axes.ticklabel_format

Configure the ScalarFormatter used by default for linear Axes.

Axes.tick_params

Change the appearance of ticks, tick labels, and gridlines.

Axes.locator_params

Control behavior of major tick locators.

Units#

Axes.convert_xunits

Convert x using the unit type of the xaxis.

Axes.convert_yunits

Convert y using the unit type of the yaxis.

Axes.have_units

Return whether units are set on any axis.

Adding artists#

Axes.add_artist

Add an Artist to the Axes; return the artist.

Axes.add_child_axes

Add an AxesBase to the Axes' children; return the child Axes.

Axes.add_collection

Add a Collection to the Axes; return the collection.

Axes.add_container

Add a Container to the Axes' containers; return the container.

Axes.add_image

Add an AxesImage to the Axes; return the image.

Axes.add_line

Add a Line2D to the Axes; return the line.

Axes.add_patch

Add a Patch to the Axes; return the patch.

Axes.add_table

Add a Table to the Axes; return the table.

Twinning and sharing#

Axes.twinx

Create a twin Axes sharing the xaxis.

Axes.twiny

Create a twin Axes sharing the yaxis.

Axes.sharex

Share the x-axis with other.

Axes.sharey

Share the y-axis with other.

Axes.get_shared_x_axes

Return an immutable view on the shared x-axes Grouper.

Axes.get_shared_y_axes

Return an immutable view on the shared y-axes Grouper.

Axes position#

Axes.get_anchor

Get the anchor location.

Axes.set_anchor

Define the anchor location.

Axes.get_axes_locator

Return the axes_locator.

Axes.set_axes_locator

Set the Axes locator.

Axes.get_subplotspec

Return the SubplotSpec associated with the subplot, or None.

Axes.set_subplotspec

Set the SubplotSpec.

Axes.reset_position

Reset the active position to the original position.

Axes.get_position

Return the position of the Axes within the figure as a Bbox.

Axes.set_position

Set the Axes position.

Async/event based#

Axes.stale

Whether the artist is 'stale' and needs to be re-drawn for the output to match the internal state of the artist.

Axes.pchanged

Call all of the registered callbacks.

Axes.add_callback

Add a callback function that will be called whenever one of the Artist's properties changes.

Axes.remove_callback

Remove a callback based on its observer id.

Interactive#

Axes.can_pan

Return whether this Axes supports any pan/zoom button functionality.

Axes.can_zoom

Return whether this Axes supports the zoom box button functionality.

Axes.get_navigate

Get whether the Axes responds to navigation commands.

Axes.set_navigate

Set whether the Axes responds to navigation toolbar commands.

Axes.get_navigate_mode

Get the navigation toolbar button status: 'PAN', 'ZOOM', or None.

Axes.set_navigate_mode

Set the navigation toolbar button status.

Axes.start_pan

Called when a pan operation has started.

Axes.drag_pan

Called when the mouse moves during a pan operation.

Axes.end_pan

Called when a pan operation completes (when the mouse button is up.)

Axes.format_coord

Return a format string formatting the x, y coordinates.

Axes.format_cursor_data

Return a string representation of data.

Axes.format_xdata

Return x formatted as an x-value.

Axes.format_ydata

Return y formatted as a y-value.

Axes.mouseover

Return whether this artist is queried for custom context information when the mouse cursor moves over it.

Axes.in_axes

Return whether the given event (in display coords) is in the Axes.

Axes.contains

Test whether the artist contains the mouse event.

Axes.contains_point

Return whether point (pair of pixel coordinates) is inside the Axes patch.

Axes.get_cursor_data

Return the cursor data for a given event.

Children#

Axes.get_children

Return a list of the child Artists of this Artist.

Axes.get_images

Return a list of AxesImages contained by the Axes.

Axes.get_lines

Return a list of lines contained by the Axes.

Axes.findobj

Find artist objects.

Drawing#

Axes.draw

Draw the Artist (and its children) using the given renderer.

Axes.draw_artist

Efficiently redraw a single artist.

Axes.redraw_in_frame

Efficiently redraw Axes data, but not axis ticks, labels, etc.

Axes.get_rasterization_zorder

Return the zorder value below which artists will be rasterized.

Axes.set_rasterization_zorder

Set the zorder threshold for rasterization for vector graphics output.

Axes.get_window_extent

Return the Axes bounding box in display space.

Axes.get_tightbbox

Return the tight bounding box of the Axes, including axis and their decorators (xlabel, title, etc).

Projection#

Methods used by Axis that must be overridden for non-rectilinear Axes.

Axes.name

Axes.get_xaxis_transform

Get the transformation used for drawing x-axis labels, ticks and gridlines.

Axes.get_yaxis_transform

Get the transformation used for drawing y-axis labels, ticks and gridlines.

Axes.get_data_ratio

Return the aspect ratio of the scaled data.

Axes.get_xaxis_text1_transform

Returns:

Axes.get_xaxis_text2_transform

Returns:

Axes.get_yaxis_text1_transform

Returns:

Axes.get_yaxis_text2_transform

Returns:

Other#

Axes.zorder

Axes.get_default_bbox_extra_artists

Return a default list of artists that are used for the bounding box calculation.

Axes.get_transformed_clip_path_and_affine

Return the clip path with the non-affine part of its transformation applied, and the remaining affine part of its transformation.

Axes.has_data

Return whether any artists have been added to the Axes.

Axes.set

Set multiple properties at once.

class matplotlib.axes.Axes.ArtistList(axes, prop_name, valid_types=None, invalid_types=None)#

A sublist of Axes children based on their type.

The type-specific children sublists were made immutable in Matplotlib 3.7. In the future these artist lists may be replaced by tuples. Use as if this is a tuple already.

Parameters:
axesAxes

The Axes from which this sublist will pull the children Artists.

prop_namestr

The property name used to access this sublist from the Axes; used to generate deprecation warnings.

valid_typeslist of type, optional

A list of types that determine which children will be returned by this sublist. If specified, then the Artists in the sublist must be instances of any of these types. If unspecified, then any type of Artist is valid (unless limited by invalid_types.)

invalid_typestuple, optional

A list of types that determine which children will not be returned by this sublist. If specified, then Artists in the sublist will never be an instance of these types. Otherwise, no types will be excluded.