Note
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Hat graph#
This example shows how to create a hat graph and how to annotate it with labels.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
def hat_graph(ax, xlabels, values, group_labels):
"""
Create a hat graph.
Parameters
----------
ax : matplotlib.axes.Axes
The Axes to plot into.
xlabels : list of str
The category names to be displayed on the x-axis.
values : (M, N) array-like
The data values.
Rows are the groups (len(group_labels) == M).
Columns are the categories (len(xlabels) == N).
group_labels : list of str
The group labels displayed in the legend.
"""
values = np.asarray(values)
color_cycle_colors = plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle'].by_key()['color']
# Draw the hats
bars = ax.grouped_bar(
(values - values[0]).T, bottom=values[0], tick_labels=xlabels,
labels=group_labels, edgecolor='black', group_spacing=0.8,
colors=['none'] + color_cycle_colors)
# Attach a text label on top of each bar
for bc, heights in zip(bars.bar_containers, values):
ax.bar_label(bc, heights, padding=4)
# Initialise labels and a numpy array make sure you have
# N labels of N number of values in the array
xlabels = ['I', 'II', 'III', 'IV', 'V']
playerA = np.array([5, 15, 22, 20, 25])
playerB = np.array([25, 32, 34, 30, 27])
fig, ax = plt.subplots(layout='constrained')
hat_graph(ax, xlabels, [playerA, playerB], ['Player A', 'Player B'])
# Add some text for labels, title and custom x-axis tick labels, etc.
ax.set_xlabel('Games')
ax.set_ylabel('Score')
ax.set_ylim(0, 60)
ax.set_title('Scores by number of game and players')
ax.legend()
plt.show()
References
The use of the following functions, methods, classes and modules is shown in this example: