# Tricontour Smooth Delaunay¶

Demonstrates high-resolution tricontouring of a random set of points; a matplotlib.tri.TriAnalyzer is used to improve the plot quality.

The initial data points and triangular grid for this demo are:

• a set of random points is instantiated, inside [-1, 1] x [-1, 1] square
• A Delaunay triangulation of these points is then computed, of which a random subset of triangles is masked out by the user (based on init_mask_frac parameter). This simulates invalidated data.

The proposed generic procedure to obtain a high resolution contouring of such a data set is the following:

1. Compute an extended mask with a matplotlib.tri.TriAnalyzer, which will exclude badly shaped (flat) triangles from the border of the triangulation. Apply the mask to the triangulation (using set_mask).
2. Refine and interpolate the data using a matplotlib.tri.UniformTriRefiner.
3. Plot the refined data with tricontour.
from matplotlib.tri import Triangulation, TriAnalyzer, UniformTriRefiner
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.cm as cm
import numpy as np

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Analytical test function
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def experiment_res(x, y):
"""An analytic function representing experiment results."""
x = 2 * x
r1 = np.sqrt((0.5 - x)**2 + (0.5 - y)**2)
theta1 = np.arctan2(0.5 - x, 0.5 - y)
r2 = np.sqrt((-x - 0.2)**2 + (-y - 0.2)**2)
theta2 = np.arctan2(-x - 0.2, -y - 0.2)
z = (4 * (np.exp((r1/10)**2) - 1) * 30 * np.cos(3 * theta1) +
(np.exp((r2/10)**2) - 1) * 30 * np.cos(5 * theta2) +
2 * (x**2 + y**2))
return (np.max(z) - z) / (np.max(z) - np.min(z))

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generating the initial data test points and triangulation for the demo
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# User parameters for data test points

# Number of test data points, tested from 3 to 5000 for subdiv=3
n_test = 200

# Number of recursive subdivisions of the initial mesh for smooth plots.
# Values >3 might result in a very high number of triangles for the refine
# mesh: new triangles numbering = (4**subdiv)*ntri
subdiv = 3

# Float > 0. adjusting the proportion of (invalid) initial triangles which will

# Minimum circle ratio - border triangles with circle ratio below this will be
# masked if they touch a border. Suggested value 0.01; use -1 to keep all
# triangles.
min_circle_ratio = .01

# Random points
random_gen = np.random.RandomState(seed=19680801)
x_test = random_gen.uniform(-1., 1., size=n_test)
y_test = random_gen.uniform(-1., 1., size=n_test)
z_test = experiment_res(x_test, y_test)

# meshing with Delaunay triangulation
tri = Triangulation(x_test, y_test)
ntri = tri.triangles.shape[0]

# Some invalid data are masked out

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Improving the triangulation before high-res plots: removing flat triangles
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# masking badly shaped triangles at the border of the triangular mesh.

# refining the data
refiner = UniformTriRefiner(tri)
tri_refi, z_test_refi = refiner.refine_field(z_test, subdiv=subdiv)

# analytical 'results' for comparison
z_expected = experiment_res(tri_refi.x, tri_refi.y)

flat_tri = Triangulation(x_test, y_test)

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Now the plots
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# User options for plots
plot_tri = True          # plot of base triangulation
plot_masked_tri = True   # plot of excessively flat excluded triangles
plot_refi_tri = False    # plot of refined triangulation
plot_expected = False    # plot of analytical function values for comparison

# Graphical options for tricontouring
levels = np.arange(0., 1., 0.025)
cmap = cm.get_cmap(name='Blues', lut=None)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_aspect('equal')
ax.set_title("Filtering a Delaunay mesh\n" +
"(application to high-resolution tricontouring)")

# 1) plot of the refined (computed) data contours:
ax.tricontour(tri_refi, z_test_refi, levels=levels, cmap=cmap,
linewidths=[2.0, 0.5, 1.0, 0.5])
# 2) plot of the expected (analytical) data contours (dashed):
if plot_expected:
ax.tricontour(tri_refi, z_expected, levels=levels, cmap=cmap,
linestyles='--')
# 3) plot of the fine mesh on which interpolation was done:
if plot_refi_tri:
ax.triplot(tri_refi, color='0.97')
# 4) plot of the initial 'coarse' mesh:
if plot_tri:
ax.triplot(tri, color='0.7')
# 4) plot of the unvalidated triangles from naive Delaunay Triangulation:
ax.triplot(flat_tri, color='red')

plt.show()


## References¶

The use of the following functions, methods, classes and modules is shown in this example:

import matplotlib
matplotlib.axes.Axes.tricontour
matplotlib.pyplot.tricontour
matplotlib.axes.Axes.tricontourf
matplotlib.pyplot.tricontourf
matplotlib.axes.Axes.triplot
matplotlib.pyplot.triplot
matplotlib.tri
matplotlib.tri.Triangulation
matplotlib.tri.TriAnalyzer
matplotlib.tri.UniformTriRefiner


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