# mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d.Axes3D¶

class mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d.Axes3D(fig, rect=None, *args, azim=-60, elev=30, zscale=None, sharez=None, proj_type='persp', **kwargs)[source]

Bases: matplotlib.axes._axes.Axes

3D axes object.

add_collection3d(col, zs=0, zdir='z')[source]

Add a 3D collection object to the plot.

2D collection types are converted to a 3D version by modifying the object and adding z coordinate information.

Supported are:
• PolyCollection
• LineCollection
• PatchCollection
add_contour_set(cset, extend3d=False, stride=5, zdir='z', offset=None)[source]
add_contourf_set(cset, zdir='z', offset=None)[source]
auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z=None, had_data=None)[source]
autoscale(enable=True, axis='both', tight=None)[source]

Convenience method for simple axis view autoscaling. See matplotlib.axes.Axes.autoscale() for full explanation. Note that this function behaves the same, but for all three axes. Therefore, 'z' can be passed for axis, and 'both' applies to all three axes.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

autoscale_view(tight=None, scalex=True, scaley=True, scalez=True)[source]

Autoscale the view limits using the data limits. See matplotlib.axes.Axes.autoscale_view() for documentation. Note that this function applies to the 3D axes, and as such adds the scalez to the function arguments.

Changed in version 1.1.0: Function signature was changed to better match the 2D version. tight is now explicitly a kwarg and placed first.

Changed in version 1.2.1: This is now fully functional.

bar(left, height, zs=0, zdir='z', *args, **kwargs)[source]

Argument Description
left The x coordinates of the left sides of the bars.
height The height of the bars.
zs Z coordinate of bars, if one value is specified they will all be placed at the same z.
zdir Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z') when plotting a 2D set.

Keyword arguments are passed onto bar().

Returns a Patch3DCollection

bar3d(x, y, z, dx, dy, dz, color=None, zsort='average', shade=True, *args, **kwargs)[source]

Generate a 3D barplot.

This method creates three dimensional barplot where the width, depth, height, and color of the bars can all be uniquely set.

Parameters: x, y, z : array-like The coordinates of the anchor point of the bars. dx, dy, dz : scalar or array-like The width, depth, and height of the bars, respectively. color : sequence of valid color specifications, optional The color of the bars can be specified globally or individually. This parameter can be: A single color value, to color all bars the same color. An array of colors of length N bars, to color each bar independently. An array of colors of length 6, to color the faces of the bars similarly. An array of colors of length 6 * N bars, to color each face independently. When coloring the faces of the boxes specifically, this is the order of the coloring: -Z (bottom of box) +Z (top of box) -Y +Y -X +X zsort : str, optional The z-axis sorting scheme passed onto Poly3DCollection() shade : bool, optional (default = True) When true, this shades the dark sides of the bars (relative to the plot's source of light). Any additional keyword arguments are passed onto :func:~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Poly3DCollection collection : Poly3DCollection A collection of three dimensional polygons representing the bars.
can_pan()[source]

Return True if this axes supports the pan/zoom button functionality.

3D axes objects do not use the pan/zoom button.

can_zoom()[source]

Return True if this axes supports the zoom box button functionality.

3D axes objects do not use the zoom box button.

cla()[source]

Clear axes

clabel(*args, **kwargs)[source]

This function is currently not implemented for 3D axes. Returns None.

contour(X, Y, Z, *args, extend3d=False, stride=5, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)[source]

Create a 3D contour plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
extend3d Whether to extend contour in 3D (default: False)
stride Stride (step size) for extending contour
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the contour lines on this position in plane normal to zdir

The positional and other keyword arguments are passed on to contour()

Returns a contour

contour3D(X, Y, Z, *args, extend3d=False, stride=5, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)

Create a 3D contour plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
extend3d Whether to extend contour in 3D (default: False)
stride Stride (step size) for extending contour
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the contour lines on this position in plane normal to zdir

The positional and other keyword arguments are passed on to contour()

Returns a contour

contourf(X, Y, Z, *args, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)[source]

Create a 3D contourf plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the filled contour on this position in plane normal to zdir

The positional and keyword arguments are passed on to contourf()

Returns a contourf

Changed in version 1.1.0: The zdir and offset kwargs were added.

contourf3D(X, Y, Z, *args, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)

Create a 3D contourf plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the filled contour on this position in plane normal to zdir

The positional and keyword arguments are passed on to contourf()

Returns a contourf

Changed in version 1.1.0: The zdir and offset kwargs were added.

convert_zunits(z)[source]

For artists in an axes, if the zaxis has units support, convert z using zaxis unit type

New in version 1.2.1.

disable_mouse_rotation()[source]

Disable mouse button callbacks.

draw(renderer)[source]

Draw everything (plot lines, axes, labels)

format_coord(xd, yd)[source]

Given the 2D view coordinates attempt to guess a 3D coordinate. Looks for the nearest edge to the point and then assumes that the point is at the same z location as the nearest point on the edge.

format_zdata(z)[source]

Return z string formatted. This function will use the fmt_zdata attribute if it is callable, else will fall back on the zaxis major formatter

get_autoscale_on()[source]

Get whether autoscaling is applied for all axes on plot commands

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

get_autoscalez_on()[source]

Get whether autoscaling for the z-axis is applied on plot commands

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

get_axis_position()[source]
get_children()[source]

return a list of child artists

get_frame_on()[source]

Get whether the 3D axes panels are drawn.

New in version 1.1.0.

get_proj()[source]

Create the projection matrix from the current viewing position.

elev stores the elevation angle in the z plane azim stores the azimuth angle in the x,y plane

dist is the distance of the eye viewing point from the object point.

get_w_lims()[source]

Get 3D world limits.

get_xlim()

Return the x-axis view limits.

Returns: left, right : (float, float) The current x-axis limits in data coordinates.

set_xlim, set_xbound, get_xbound, invert_xaxis, xaxis_inverted

Notes

The x-axis may be inverted, in which case the left value will be greater than the right value.

Changed in version 1.1.0: This function now correctly refers to the 3D x-limits

get_xlim3d()[source]

Return the x-axis view limits.

Returns: left, right : (float, float) The current x-axis limits in data coordinates.

set_xlim, set_xbound, get_xbound, invert_xaxis, xaxis_inverted

Notes

The x-axis may be inverted, in which case the left value will be greater than the right value.

Changed in version 1.1.0: This function now correctly refers to the 3D x-limits

get_ylim()

Return the y-axis view limits.

Returns: bottom, top : (float, float) The current y-axis limits in data coordinates.

set_ylim, set_ybound, get_ybound, invert_yaxis, yaxis_inverted

Notes

The y-axis may be inverted, in which case the bottom value will be greater than the top value.

Changed in version 1.1.0: This function now correctly refers to the 3D y-limits.

get_ylim3d()[source]

Return the y-axis view limits.

Returns: bottom, top : (float, float) The current y-axis limits in data coordinates.

set_ylim, set_ybound, get_ybound, invert_yaxis, yaxis_inverted

Notes

The y-axis may be inverted, in which case the bottom value will be greater than the top value.

Changed in version 1.1.0: This function now correctly refers to the 3D y-limits.

get_zbound()[source]

Returns the z-axis numerical bounds where:

lowerBound < upperBound


New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

get_zlabel()[source]

Get the z-label text string.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

get_zlim()

Get 3D z limits.

get_zlim3d()[source]

Get 3D z limits.

get_zmajorticklabels()[source]

Get the ztick labels as a list of Text instances

New in version 1.1.0.

get_zminorticklabels()[source]

Get the ztick labels as a list of Text instances

Note

Minor ticks are not supported. This function was added only for completeness.

New in version 1.1.0.

get_zscale()[source]
get_zticklabels(minor=False)[source]

Get ztick labels as a list of Text instances. See matplotlib.axes.Axes.get_yticklabels() for more details.

Note

Minor ticks are not supported.

New in version 1.1.0.

get_zticklines()[source]

Get ztick lines as a list of Line2D instances. Note that this function is provided merely for completeness. These lines are re-calculated as the display changes.

New in version 1.1.0.

get_zticks(minor=False)[source]

Return the z ticks as a list of locations See matplotlib.axes.Axes.get_yticks() for more details.

Note

Minor ticks are not supported.

New in version 1.1.0.

grid(b=True, **kwargs)[source]

Set / unset 3D grid.

Note

Currently, this function does not behave the same as matplotlib.axes.Axes.grid(), but it is intended to eventually support that behavior.

Changed in version 1.1.0: This function was changed, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

have_units()[source]

Return True if units are set on the x, y, or z axes

invert_zaxis()[source]

Invert the z-axis.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

locator_params(axis='both', tight=None, **kwargs)[source]

Convenience method for controlling tick locators.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params() for full documentation. Note that this is for Axes3D objects, therefore, setting axis to 'both' will result in the parameters being set for all three axes. Also, axis can also take a value of 'z' to apply parameters to the z axis.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

margins(*margins, x=None, y=None, z=None, tight=True)[source]

Convenience method to set or retrieve autoscaling margins.

signatures::
margins()

returns xmargin, ymargin, zmargin

margins(margin)

margins(xmargin, ymargin, zmargin)

margins(x=xmargin, y=ymargin, z=zmargin)

margins(..., tight=False)


All forms above set the xmargin, ymargin and zmargin parameters. All keyword parameters are optional. A single positional argument specifies xmargin, ymargin and zmargin. Passing both positional and keyword arguments for xmargin, ymargin, and/or zmargin is invalid.

The tight parameter is passed to autoscale_view(), which is executed after a margin is changed; the default here is True, on the assumption that when margins are specified, no additional padding to match tick marks is usually desired. Setting tight to None will preserve the previous setting.

Specifying any margin changes only the autoscaling; for example, if xmargin is not None, then xmargin times the X data interval will be added to each end of that interval before it is used in autoscaling.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

mouse_init(rotate_btn=1, zoom_btn=3)[source]

Initializes mouse button callbacks to enable 3D rotation of the axes. Also optionally sets the mouse buttons for 3D rotation and zooming.

Argument Description
rotate_btn The integer or list of integers specifying which mouse button or buttons to use for 3D rotation of the axes. Default = 1.
zoom_btn The integer or list of integers specifying which mouse button or buttons to use to zoom the 3D axes. Default = 3.
name = '3d'
plot(xs, ys, *args, zdir='z', **kwargs)[source]

Plot 2D or 3D data.

Argument Description
xs, ys x, y coordinates of vertices
zs z value(s), either one for all points or one for each point.
zdir Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z') when plotting a 2D set.

Other arguments are passed on to plot()

plot3D(xs, ys, *args, zdir='z', **kwargs)

Plot 2D or 3D data.

Argument Description
xs, ys x, y coordinates of vertices
zs z value(s), either one for all points or one for each point.
zdir Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z') when plotting a 2D set.

Other arguments are passed on to plot()

plot_surface(X, Y, Z, *args, norm=None, vmin=None, vmax=None, lightsource=None, **kwargs)[source]

Create a surface plot.

By default it will be colored in shades of a solid color, but it also supports color mapping by supplying the cmap argument.

Note

The rcount and ccount kwargs, which both default to 50, determine the maximum number of samples used in each direction. If the input data is larger, it will be downsampled (by slicing) to these numbers of points.

Parameters: X, Y, Z : 2d arrays Data values. rcount, ccount : int Maximum number of samples used in each direction. If the input data is larger, it will be downsampled (by slicing) to these numbers of points. Defaults to 50. New in version 2.0. rstride, cstride : int Downsampling stride in each direction. These arguments are mutually exclusive with rcount and ccount. If only one of rstride or cstride is set, the other defaults to 10. 'classic' mode uses a default of rstride = cstride = 10 instead of the new default of rcount = ccount = 50. color : color-like Color of the surface patches. cmap : Colormap Colormap of the surface patches. facecolors : array-like of colors. Colors of each individual patch. norm : Normalize Normalization for the colormap. vmin, vmax : float Bounds for the normalization. shade : bool Whether to shade the face colors. **kwargs : Other arguments are forwarded to Poly3DCollection.
plot_trisurf(*args, color=None, norm=None, vmin=None, vmax=None, lightsource=None, **kwargs)[source]
Argument Description
X, Y, Z Data values as 1D arrays
color Color of the surface patches
cmap A colormap for the surface patches.
norm An instance of Normalize to map values to colors
vmin Minimum value to map
vmax Maximum value to map

The (optional) triangulation can be specified in one of two ways; either:

plot_trisurf(triangulation, ...)


where triangulation is a Triangulation object, or:

plot_trisurf(X, Y, ...)
plot_trisurf(X, Y, triangles, ...)
plot_trisurf(X, Y, triangles=triangles, ...)


in which case a Triangulation object will be created. See Triangulation for a explanation of these possibilities.

The remaining arguments are:

plot_trisurf(..., Z)


where Z is the array of values to contour, one per point in the triangulation.

Other arguments are passed on to Poly3DCollection

Examples:

New in version 1.2.0: This plotting function was added for the v1.2.0 release.

plot_wireframe(X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs)[source]

Plot a 3D wireframe.

Note

The rcount and ccount kwargs, which both default to 50, determine the maximum number of samples used in each direction. If the input data is larger, it will be downsampled (by slicing) to these numbers of points.

Parameters: X, Y, Z : 2d arrays Data values. rcount, ccount : int Maximum number of samples used in each direction. If the input data is larger, it will be downsampled (by slicing) to these numbers of points. Setting a count to zero causes the data to be not sampled in the corresponding direction, producing a 3D line plot rather than a wireframe plot. Defaults to 50. New in version 2.0. rstride, cstride : int Downsampling stride in each direction. These arguments are mutually exclusive with rcount and ccount. If only one of rstride or cstride is set, the other defaults to 1. Setting a stride to zero causes the data to be not sampled in the corresponding direction, producing a 3D line plot rather than a wireframe plot. 'classic' mode uses a default of rstride = cstride = 1 instead of the new default of rcount = ccount = 50. **kwargs : Other arguments are forwarded to Line3DCollection.
quiver(*args, length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.3, pivot='tail', normalize=False, **kwargs)[source]

Plot a 3D field of arrows.

call signatures:

quiver(X, Y, Z, U, V, W, **kwargs)


Arguments:

X, Y, Z:
The x, y and z coordinates of the arrow locations (default is tail of arrow; see pivot kwarg)
U, V, W:
The x, y and z components of the arrow vectors

The arguments could be array-like or scalars, so long as they they can be broadcast together. The arguments can also be masked arrays. If an element in any of argument is masked, then that corresponding quiver element will not be plotted.

Keyword arguments:

length: [1.0 | float]
The length of each quiver, default to 1.0, the unit is the same with the axes
arrow_length_ratio: [0.3 | float]
The ratio of the arrow head with respect to the quiver, default to 0.3
pivot: [ 'tail' | 'middle' | 'tip' ]
The part of the arrow that is at the grid point; the arrow rotates about this point, hence the name pivot. Default is 'tail'
normalize: bool
When True, all of the arrows will be the same length. This defaults to False, where the arrows will be different lengths depending on the values of u,v,w.

Any additional keyword arguments are delegated to LineCollection

quiver3D(*args, length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.3, pivot='tail', normalize=False, **kwargs)

Plot a 3D field of arrows.

call signatures:

quiver(X, Y, Z, U, V, W, **kwargs)


Arguments:

X, Y, Z:
The x, y and z coordinates of the arrow locations (default is tail of arrow; see pivot kwarg)
U, V, W:
The x, y and z components of the arrow vectors

The arguments could be array-like or scalars, so long as they they can be broadcast together. The arguments can also be masked arrays. If an element in any of argument is masked, then that corresponding quiver element will not be plotted.

Keyword arguments:

length: [1.0 | float]
The length of each quiver, default to 1.0, the unit is the same with the axes
arrow_length_ratio: [0.3 | float]
The ratio of the arrow head with respect to the quiver, default to 0.3
pivot: [ 'tail' | 'middle' | 'tip' ]
The part of the arrow that is at the grid point; the arrow rotates about this point, hence the name pivot. Default is 'tail'
normalize: bool
When True, all of the arrows will be the same length. This defaults to False, where the arrows will be different lengths depending on the values of u,v,w.

Any additional keyword arguments are delegated to LineCollection

scatter(xs, ys, zs=0, zdir='z', s=20, c=None, depthshade=True, *args, **kwargs)[source]

Create a scatter plot.

Argument Description
xs, ys Positions of data points.
zs Either an array of the same length as xs and ys or a single value to place all points in the same plane. Default is 0.
zdir Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z') when plotting a 2D set.
s Size in points^2. It is a scalar or an array of the same length as x and y.
c A color. c can be a single color format string, or a sequence of color specifications of length N, or a sequence of N numbers to be mapped to colors using the cmap and norm specified via kwargs (see below). Note that c should not be a single numeric RGB or RGBA sequence because that is indistinguishable from an array of values to be colormapped. c can be a 2-D array in which the rows are RGB or RGBA, however, including the case of a single row to specify the same color for all points.
depthshade Whether or not to shade the scatter markers to give the appearance of depth. Default is True.

Keyword arguments are passed on to scatter().

Returns a Patch3DCollection

scatter3D(xs, ys, zs=0, zdir='z', s=20, c=None, depthshade=True, *args, **kwargs)

Create a scatter plot.

Argument Description
xs, ys Positions of data points.
zs Either an array of the same length as xs and ys or a single value to place all points in the same plane. Default is 0.
zdir Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z') when plotting a 2D set.
s Size in points^2. It is a scalar or an array of the same length as x and y.
c A color. c can be a single color format string, or a sequence of color specifications of length N, or a sequence of N numbers to be mapped to colors using the cmap and norm specified via kwargs (see below). Note that c should not be a single numeric RGB or RGBA sequence because that is indistinguishable from an array of values to be colormapped. c can be a 2-D array in which the rows are RGB or RGBA, however, including the case of a single row to specify the same color for all points.
depthshade Whether or not to shade the scatter markers to give the appearance of depth. Default is True.

Keyword arguments are passed on to scatter().

Returns a Patch3DCollection

set_autoscale_on(b)[source]

Set whether autoscaling is applied on plot commands

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

Parameters: b : bool
set_autoscalez_on(b)[source]

Set whether autoscaling for the z-axis is applied on plot commands

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

Parameters: b : bool
set_axis_off()[source]

Turn the x- and y-axis off.

This affects the axis lines, ticks, ticklabels, grid and axis labels.

set_axis_on()[source]

Turn the x- and y-axis on.

This affects the axis lines, ticks, ticklabels, grid and axis labels.

set_frame_on(b)[source]

Set whether the 3D axes panels are drawn.

New in version 1.1.0.

Parameters: b : bool
set_proj_type(proj_type)[source]

Set the projection type.

Parameters: proj_type : str Type of projection, accepts 'persp' and 'ortho'.
set_title(label, fontdict=None, loc='center', **kwargs)[source]

Set a title for the axes.

Set one of the three available axes titles. The available titles are positioned above the axes in the center, flush with the left edge, and flush with the right edge.

Parameters: label : str Text to use for the title fontdict : dict A dictionary controlling the appearance of the title text, the default fontdict is: {'fontsize': rcParams['axes.titlesize'], 'fontweight' : rcParams['axes.titleweight'], 'verticalalignment': 'baseline', 'horizontalalignment': loc}  loc : {'center', 'left', 'right'}, str, optional Which title to set, defaults to 'center' pad : float The offset of the title from the top of the axes, in points. Default is None to use rcParams['axes.titlepad']. text : Text The matplotlib text instance representing the title **kwargs : Text properties Other keyword arguments are text properties, see Text for a list of valid text properties.
set_top_view()[source]
set_xlim(left=None, right=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, xmin=None, xmax=None)

Set 3D x limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim() for full documentation.

set_xlim3d(left=None, right=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, xmin=None, xmax=None)[source]

Set 3D x limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim() for full documentation.

set_xscale(value, **kwargs)[source]

Set the x-axis scale.

Parameters: value : {"linear", "log", "symlog", "logit", ...} The axis scale type to apply. **kwargs Different keyword arguments are accepted, depending on the scale. See the respective class keyword arguments:

Notes

By default, Matplotlib supports the above mentioned scales. Additionally, custom scales may be registered using matplotlib.scale.register_scale. These scales can then also be used here.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

set_ylim(bottom=None, top=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, ymin=None, ymax=None)

Set 3D y limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim() for full documentation.

set_ylim3d(bottom=None, top=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, ymin=None, ymax=None)[source]

Set 3D y limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim() for full documentation.

set_yscale(value, **kwargs)[source]

Set the y-axis scale.

Parameters: value : {"linear", "log", "symlog", "logit", ...} The axis scale type to apply. **kwargs Different keyword arguments are accepted, depending on the scale. See the respective class keyword arguments:

Notes

By default, Matplotlib supports the above mentioned scales. Additionally, custom scales may be registered using matplotlib.scale.register_scale. These scales can then also be used here.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

set_zbound(lower=None, upper=None)[source]

Set the lower and upper numerical bounds of the z-axis. This method will honor axes inversion regardless of parameter order. It will not change the _autoscaleZon attribute.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

set_zlabel(zlabel, fontdict=None, labelpad=None, **kwargs)[source]

Set zlabel. See doc for set_ylabel() for description.

set_zlim(bottom=None, top=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, zmin=None, zmax=None)

Set 3D z limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim() for full documentation

set_zlim3d(bottom=None, top=None, emit=True, auto=False, *, zmin=None, zmax=None)[source]

Set 3D z limits.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim() for full documentation

set_zmargin(m)[source]

Set padding of Z data limits prior to autoscaling.

m times the data interval will be added to each end of that interval before it is used in autoscaling.

accepts: float in range 0 to 1

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

set_zscale(value, **kwargs)[source]

Set the scaling of the z-axis: 'linear' | 'log' | 'logit' | 'symlog'

ACCEPTS: ['linear' | 'log' | 'logit' | 'symlog']

Different kwargs are accepted, depending on the scale:

'linear'

'log'

basex/basey:
The base of the logarithm
non-positive values in x or y can be masked as invalid, or clipped to a very small positive number
subsx/subsy:

Where to place the subticks between each major tick. Should be a sequence of integers. For example, in a log10 scale: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

will place 8 logarithmically spaced minor ticks between each major tick.

'logit'

values beyond ]0, 1[ can be masked as invalid, or clipped to a number very close to 0 or 1

'symlog'

basex/basey:
The base of the logarithm
linthreshx/linthreshy:
A single float which defines the range (-x, x), within which the plot is linear. This avoids having the plot go to infinity around zero.
subsx/subsy:

Where to place the subticks between each major tick. Should be a sequence of integers. For example, in a log10 scale: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

will place 8 logarithmically spaced minor ticks between each major tick.

linscalex/linscaley:
This allows the linear range (-linthresh to linthresh) to be stretched relative to the logarithmic range. Its value is the number of decades to use for each half of the linear range. For example, when linscale == 1.0 (the default), the space used for the positive and negative halves of the linear range will be equal to one decade in the logarithmic range.

Note

Currently, Axes3D objects only supports linear scales. Other scales may or may not work, and support for these is improving with each release.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

set_zticklabels(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Set z-axis tick labels. See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels() for more details.

Note

Minor ticks are not supported by Axes3D objects.

New in version 1.1.0.

set_zticks(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Set z-axis tick locations. See matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticks() for more details.

Note

Minor ticks are not supported.

New in version 1.1.0.

text(x, y, z, s, zdir=None, **kwargs)[source]

Add text to the plot. kwargs will be passed on to Axes.text, except for the zdir keyword, which sets the direction to be used as the z direction.

text2D(x, y, s, fontdict=None, withdash=False, **kwargs)

Add the text s to the axes at location x, y in data coordinates.

Parameters: x, y : scalars The position to place the text. By default, this is in data coordinates. The coordinate system can be changed using the transform parameter. s : str The text. fontdict : dictionary, optional, default: None A dictionary to override the default text properties. If fontdict is None, the defaults are determined by your rc parameters. withdash : boolean, optional, default: False Creates a TextWithDash instance instead of a Text instance. text : Text The created Text instance. **kwargs : Text properties. Other miscellaneous text parameters.

Examples

Individual keyword arguments can be used to override any given parameter:

>>> text(x, y, s, fontsize=12)


The default transform specifies that text is in data coords, alternatively, you can specify text in axis coords (0,0 is lower-left and 1,1 is upper-right). The example below places text in the center of the axes:

>>> text(0.5, 0.5, 'matplotlib', horizontalalignment='center',
...      verticalalignment='center', transform=ax.transAxes)


You can put a rectangular box around the text instance (e.g., to set a background color) by using the keyword bbox. bbox is a dictionary of Rectangle properties. For example:

>>> text(x, y, s, bbox=dict(facecolor='red', alpha=0.5))

text3D(x, y, z, s, zdir=None, **kwargs)

Add text to the plot. kwargs will be passed on to Axes.text, except for the zdir keyword, which sets the direction to be used as the z direction.

tick_params(axis='both', **kwargs)[source]

Convenience method for changing the appearance of ticks and tick labels.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.tick_params() for more complete documentation.

The only difference is that setting axis to 'both' will mean that the settings are applied to all three axes. Also, the axis parameter also accepts a value of 'z', which would mean to apply to only the z-axis.

Also, because of how Axes3D objects are drawn very differently from regular 2D axes, some of these settings may have ambiguous meaning. For simplicity, the 'z' axis will accept settings as if it was like the 'y' axis.

Note

While this function is currently implemented, the core part of the Axes3D object may ignore some of these settings. Future releases will fix this. Priority will be given to those who file bugs.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

ticklabel_format(*, style='', scilimits=None, useOffset=None, axis='both')[source]

Convenience method for manipulating the ScalarFormatter used by default for linear axes in Axed3D objects.

See matplotlib.axes.Axes.ticklabel_format() for full documentation. Note that this version applies to all three axes of the Axes3D object. Therefore, the axis argument will also accept a value of 'z' and the value of 'both' will apply to all three axes.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

tricontour(*args, extend3d=False, stride=5, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)[source]

Create a 3D contour plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
extend3d Whether to extend contour in 3D (default: False)
stride Stride (step size) for extending contour
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the contour lines on this position in plane normal to zdir

Other keyword arguments are passed on to tricontour()

Returns a contour

Changed in version 1.3.0: Added support for custom triangulations

EXPERIMENTAL: This method currently produces incorrect output due to a longstanding bug in 3D PolyCollection rendering.

tricontourf(*args, zdir='z', offset=None, **kwargs)[source]

Create a 3D contourf plot.

Argument Description
X, Y, Data values as numpy.arrays
Z
zdir The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
offset If specified plot a projection of the contour lines on this position in plane normal to zdir

Other keyword arguments are passed on to tricontour()

Returns a contour

Changed in version 1.3.0: Added support for custom triangulations

EXPERIMENTAL: This method currently produces incorrect output due to a longstanding bug in 3D PolyCollection rendering.

tunit_cube(vals=None, M=None)[source]
tunit_edges(vals=None, M=None)[source]
unit_cube(vals=None)[source]
update_datalim(xys, **kwargs)[source]

Extend the dataLim BBox to include the given points.

If no data is set currently, the BBox will ignore its limits and set the bound to be the bounds of the xydata (xys). Otherwise, it will compute the bounds of the union of its current data and the data in xys.

Parameters: xys : 2D array-like The points to include in the data limits BBox. This can be either a list of (x, y) tuples or a Nx2 array. updatex, updatey : bool, optional, default True Whether to update the x/y limits.
view_init(elev=None, azim=None)[source]

Set the elevation and azimuth of the axes.

This can be used to rotate the axes programmatically.

'elev' stores the elevation angle in the z plane. 'azim' stores the azimuth angle in the x,y plane.

if elev or azim are None (default), then the initial value is used which was specified in the Axes3D constructor.

voxels([x, y, z, ]/, filled, **kwargs)[source]

Plot a set of filled voxels

All voxels are plotted as 1x1x1 cubes on the axis, with filled[0,0,0] placed with its lower corner at the origin. Occluded faces are not plotted.

Call signatures:

voxels(filled, facecolors=fc, edgecolors=ec, **kwargs)
voxels(x, y, z, filled, facecolors=fc, edgecolors=ec, **kwargs)


New in version 2.1.

Parameters: filled : 3D np.array of bool A 3d array of values, with truthy values indicating which voxels to fill x, y, z : 3D np.array, optional The coordinates of the corners of the voxels. This should broadcast to a shape one larger in every dimension than the shape of filled. These can be used to plot non-cubic voxels. If not specified, defaults to increasing integers along each axis, like those returned by indices(). As indicated by the / in the function signature, these arguments can only be passed positionally. facecolors, edgecolors : array_like, optional The color to draw the faces and edges of the voxels. Can only be passed as keyword arguments. This parameter can be: A single color value, to color all voxels the same color. This can be either a string, or a 1D rgb/rgba array None, the default, to use a single color for the faces, and the style default for the edges. A 3D ndarray of color names, with each item the color for the corresponding voxel. The size must match the voxels. A 4D ndarray of rgb/rgba data, with the components along the last axis. **kwargs Additional keyword arguments to pass onto Poly3DCollection() faces : dict A dictionary indexed by coordinate, where faces[i,j,k] is a Poly3DCollection of the faces drawn for the voxel filled[i,j,k]. If no faces were drawn for a given voxel, either because it was not asked to be drawn, or it is fully occluded, then (i,j,k) not in faces.

Examples

zaxis_date(tz=None)[source]

Sets up z-axis ticks and labels that treat the z data as dates.

tz is a timezone string or tzinfo instance. Defaults to rc value.

Note

This function is merely provided for completeness. Axes3D objects do not officially support dates for ticks, and so this may or may not work as expected.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.

zaxis_inverted()[source]

Returns True if the z-axis is inverted.

New in version 1.1.0: This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.