For a visual representation of the matplotlib colormaps, see the “Color” section in the gallery.
matplotlib.colors
¶A module for converting numbers or color arguments to RGB or RGBA
RGB and RGBA are sequences of, respectively, 3 or 4 floats in the range 0-1.
This module includes functions and classes for color specification
conversions, and for mapping numbers to colors in a 1-D array of colors called
a colormap. Colormapping typically involves two steps: a data array is first
mapped onto the range 0-1 using an instance of Normalize
or of a
subclass; then this number in the 0-1 range is mapped to a color using an
instance of a subclass of Colormap
. Two are provided here:
LinearSegmentedColormap
, which is used to generate all the built-in
colormap instances, but is also useful for making custom colormaps, and
ListedColormap
, which is used for generating a custom colormap from a
list of color specifications.
The module also provides functions for checking whether an object can be
interpreted as a color (is_color_like()
), for converting such an object
to an RGBA tuple (to_rgba()
) or to an HTML-like hex string in the
#rrggbb
format (to_hex()
), and a sequence of colors to an (n, 4)
RGBA array (to_rgba_array()
). Caching is used for efficiency.
Matplotlib recognizes the following formats to specify a color:
[0, 1]
(e.g., (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)
or (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3)
);'#0F0F0F'
or '#0F0F0F0F'
);[0, 1]
inclusive for gray
level (e.g., '0.5'
);{'b', 'g', 'r', 'c', 'm', 'y', 'k', 'w'}
;'xkcd:'
(e.g., 'xkcd:sky blue'
);{'tab:blue', 'tab:orange', 'tab:green',
'tab:red', 'tab:purple', 'tab:brown', 'tab:pink',
'tab:gray', 'tab:olive', 'tab:cyan'}
which are the Tableau Colors from the
‘T10’ categorical palette (which is the default color cycle);'C'
followed by a single digit, which is an index
into the default property cycle (matplotlib.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle']
);
the indexing occurs at artist creation time and defaults to black if the
cycle does not include color.All string specifications of color, other than “CN”, are case-insensitive.
BoundaryNorm (boundaries, ncolors[, clip]) |
Generate a colormap index based on discrete intervals. |
Colormap (name[, N]) |
Baseclass for all scalar to RGBA mappings. |
LightSource ([azdeg, altdeg, hsv_min_val, …]) |
Create a light source coming from the specified azimuth and elevation. |
LinearSegmentedColormap (name, segmentdata[, …]) |
Colormap objects based on lookup tables using linear segments. |
ListedColormap (colors[, name, N]) |
Colormap object generated from a list of colors. |
LogNorm ([vmin, vmax, clip]) |
Normalize a given value to the 0-1 range on a log scale |
NoNorm ([vmin, vmax, clip]) |
Dummy replacement for Normalize, for the case where we want to use indices directly in a ScalarMappable . |
Normalize ([vmin, vmax, clip]) |
A class which, when called, can normalize data into the [0.0, 1.0] interval. |
PowerNorm (gamma[, vmin, vmax, clip]) |
Normalize a given value to the [0, 1] interval with a power-law scaling. |
SymLogNorm (linthresh[, linscale, vmin, …]) |
The symmetrical logarithmic scale is logarithmic in both the positive and negative directions from the origin. |
from_levels_and_colors (levels, colors[, extend]) |
A helper routine to generate a cmap and a norm instance which behave similar to contourf’s levels and colors arguments. |
hsv_to_rgb (hsv) |
convert hsv values in a numpy array to rgb values |
rgb_to_hsv (arr) |
convert float rgb values (in the range [0, 1]), in a numpy array to hsv |
to_hex (c[, keep_alpha]) |
Convert c to a hex color. |
to_rgb (c) |
Convert c to an RGB color, silently dropping the alpha channel. |
to_rgba (c[, alpha]) |
Convert c to an RGBA color. |
to_rgba_array (c[, alpha]) |
Convert c to a (n, 4) array of RGBA colors. |
is_color_like (c) |
Return whether c can be interpreted as an RGB(A) color. |
makeMappingArray (N, data[, gamma]) |
Create an N -element 1-d lookup table |
get_named_colors_mapping () |
Return the global mapping of names to named colors. |